Researched
Action Potential (How Nerves Fire)
Hodgkin and Huxley's equations explained how ion flows create the nerve impulse.
Open in the interactive tree →Working on the giant axon of the squid, Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley (1952) described the action potential with a mathematical model of sodium and potassium currents; they won the 1963 Nobel Prize. It was the first quantitative, simulable model of a neuron. It underlies computational neuroscience, drugs that act on ion channels and later brain simulation.
Prerequisites
Unlocks
- Visual Cortex Cells1959
- Pain Gate and Endorphins1965-1975Pain signals travel as nerve impulses along thick and thin fibres.
- Place and Grid Cells1971
- Magnetic Brain Stimulation (TMS)1985
- Neural Implants & Brain Stimulation1987
- Large-Scale Neural Recording1990–2017
- Optogenetics2005
- Simulating a Whole Brainopen