Researched
Ancient clinical medicine
Egyptian, Greek and Roman doctors wrote down observation, diagnosis and surgery as a craft.
Open in the interactive tree →The Egyptian Edwin Smith Papyrus (about 1600 BC, copying an older text) describes 48 injury cases with a rational examine-and-treat approach, while the Ebers Papyrus lists hundreds of remedies. Hippocrates and his school (around 400 BC) argued that diseases have natural causes and that doctors must observe patients and keep records. Galen (2nd century AD) dissected animals and shaped European medicine for some 1,400 years, errors included.
Prerequisites
- Healing plants and trepanation~48,000 BC–5000 BC
- Writing~3200 BC
Unlocks
- Brain as seat of thought~400 BC
- Hospitals~805
- Quarantine1377
- Anatomy and blood circulation1543
- Smallpox inoculation1721