Human Tech Tree
Researched~1000 · Middle Ages & Renaissance (500 – 1700)

Energy & Industry / Manufacturing & Construction

Mills as the First Machines

Water mills drive hammers, saws, fulling stocks and bellows - the mechanisation of work begins.

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Domesday Book of 1086 lists about 5,600 water mills in England, roughly one per 350 inhabitants. Cams converted rotation into lift: stamping, hammering, sawing. Mills showed that work can be shifted permanently onto machines and prepared the ground for the factory and industry.

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