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Researched1785 · Industrial Age (1700 – 1900)

Formal Sciences & Matter / Physics

Electric Charge & Coulomb

From Gilbert's De Magnete (1600) and Franklin's lightning experiments to Coulomb's inverse-square law (1785), electricity becomes measurable.

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Franklin's work in the 1750s showed positive and negative charge and that lightning is electrical, and Coulomb measured the force between charges with a torsion balance. This quantitative step prepared Volta's battery and, through Oersted and Faraday, electromagnetism.

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