Researched
Hopfield Net & Boltzmann Machine
Hopfield (1982) stores memories as energy valleys of a neural network, and Hinton's Boltzmann machine (1985) learns with statistical physics.
Open in the interactive tree →Both ideas borrow from the physics of magnets and kept neural network research alive between the perceptron and deep learning. They earned Hopfield and Hinton the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Prerequisites
Unlocks
- Deep Learning2012Hinton's Boltzmann-machine pretraining led to deep belief nets