Researched
Light-Emitting Diode (LED)
Nick Holonyak's red LED (1962) lights up a semiconductor junction; the blue LED of the 1990s completes white LED lighting.
Open in the interactive tree →Akasaki, Amano and Nakamura made efficient blue LEDs in the early 1990s, winning the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics. LEDs use a fraction of the power of incandescent bulbs and now light homes, streets and screens.