Researched
Concrete & Reinforced Concrete
Steel in concrete takes the tensile forces - bridges, high-rises and dams become possible.
Open in the interactive tree →Portland cement (Aspdin, 1824) made concrete reliable again; the gardener Joseph Monier patented iron mesh in concrete in 1867, and Francois Hennebique developed the system for buildings around 1892. After water, concrete is the most used substance in the world; the cement in it causes about 8% of global CO2 emissions.
Prerequisites
- Mortar & Roman Concrete~200 BC
- Portland Cement1824Reinforced concrete needs a strong, reliable hydraulic cement
- Bessemer Steel1856
Unlocks
More in Manufacturing & Construction · Industrial Age
- Crucible Steel~1740
- Mechanized Textile Mills1764-1785
- Machine Tools1775
- Iron Bridge1779
- Puddling & Rolling Mills1783-84
- Centrifugal Governor1788
- Interchangeable Parts~1800–1850
- Jacquard Loom (Punched Cards)1804