Fuel Cell

William Grove shows in 1839 that hydrogen and oxygen can combine in a cell to give electricity directly, without burning anything.

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Grove's 'gas battery' ran the electrolysis of water in reverse. Alkaline fuel cells based on Francis Bacon's work powered the Apollo spacecraft, and fuel cells are now the electric heart of hydrogen vehicles.

Prerequisites

Voltaic Pile (First Battery)1800
Electrolysis (Davy, Faraday)1807

Unlocks

Green Hydrogen Economy2040s?Fuel cells turn hydrogen back into electricity

Sources

Wikipedia: Fuel cell

Fuel Cell

Prerequisites

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Sources

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