Researched
Place and grid cells
John O'Keefe found in 1971 that single hippocampal cells fire at particular places; the Mosers added grid cells in 2005, a brain 'GPS' (Nobel 2014).
Open in the interactive tree →Recording single neurons in freely moving rats revealed a map of space in the hippocampus, the structure that H.M.'s case had tied to memory. The same circuits also help organise memories, which makes them a lead into how memories are stored.
Prerequisites
Unlocks
- How memories are storedopenPlace cells are the best-studied example of a memory-related code in neurons